Free Download BookRole of Proteases in the Pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Published on: 2001-07-31
Released on: 2001-07-31
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Researchers seeking problems that offer more hope of success often avoid subjects that seem to be difficult to approach experimentally, or subjects for which experimental results are difficult to interpret. The breakdown part of protein turnover in vivo, particularly in nervous tissue, was such a subject in the past – it was difficult to measure and difficult to explore the mechanisms involved. For factors that influence protein metabolism, it was thought that protein content, function, and distribution are controlled only by the synthetic mechanisms that can supply the needed specificity and response to stimuli. The role of breakdown was thought to be only a general metabolic digestion, elimination of excess polypeptides. We now know that the role of breakdown is much more complex: it has multiple functions, it is coupled to turnover, and it can affect protein composition, function, and synthesis. In addition to eliminating abnormal proteins, breakdown has many modulatory functions: it serves to activate and inactivate enzymes, modulate membrane function, alter receptor channel properties, affect transcription and cell cycle, form active peptides, and much more. The hydrolysis of peptide bonds often involves multiple steps, many enzymes, and cycles (such as ubiquination), and often requires the activity of enzyme complexes. Their activation, modification, and inactivation can thus play an important role in biological functions, with numerous families of proteases participating. The specific role of each remains to be elucidated. Pictorial Review of Glutamate Excitotoxicity: Fundamental ... Glutamate. Glutamate is an amino acid and one of a group of amino acid neurotransmitters in the brain although it is the principal excitatory ... Autophagy in Human Health and Disease NEJM Review Article. Mechanisms of Disease. Autophagy in Human Health and Disease. Augustine M.K. Choi M.D. Stefan W. Ryter Ph.D. and Beth Levine M.D. Proteasome - Wikipedia The proteasome subcomponents are often referred to by their Svedberg sedimentation coefficient (denoted S). The proteasome most exclusively used in mammals is the ... Pathogens An Open Access Journal from MDPI Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817; CODEN: PATHCD) is an international open access journal of pathogens and pathogen-host interactions published quarterly online by ... DialoguesClinNeurosci-13-287.xml Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be the brain disorder that best illustrates the perils of the mind/brain dualism and that breaks down the remaining conceptual ... Worlds leading Biomarkers Conference Baltimore United ... Market Analysis. The global biomarkers market is expected to reach $45.55 Billion by 2020 from $24.10 Billion in 2015 at a CAGR of 13.58% between 2015 and 2020. ER stress-induced cell death mechanisms 1. Introduction. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central intracellular organelle in the secretory pathway. It is responsible for protein translocation protein ... Alzheimer's Disease NEJM This review of Alzheimer's disease assembles a variety of findings relevant to the mechanism of the disease and ties them together using the current understanding of ... Microglia - Wikipedia Microglia home page at microglia.net; Rock R. B.; Gekker G.; Hu S.; Sheng W. S.; Cheeran M.; Lokensgard J. R.; Peterson P. K. (2004). "Role of Microglia in ... Lyme Disease News & Current Medical Research Lyme Disease News & Current Medical Research. The latest publications of scientific medical research articles and news on Lyme disease from many resources are ...
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